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Tyre pressure sensors: Your complete guide to TPMS systems

Table of Contents

  1. What are tyre pressure sensors?
  2. How direct TPMS works
  3. How indirect TPMS works
  4. Comparing TPMS types
  5. Common TPMS problems and symptoms
  6. What causes TPMS failures?
  7. TPMS maintenance costs
  8. What to do when your TPMS light comes on
  9. Resetting your TPMS
  10. Frequently Asked Questions
  11. Keeping your TPMS healthy
  12. Conclusion

Your car's tyre pressure monitoring system (TPMS) is one of the most important safety features you might take for granted. These clever devices help prevent accidents, improve fuel efficiency, and extend tyre life by keeping you informed about your tyre pressure. Let's explore everything you need to know about how they work and what to do when something goes wrong.

What are tyre pressure sensors?

What are tyre pressure sensors?

Tyre pressure sensors are small electronic devices that monitor the air pressure in your tyres and alert you when levels drop dangerously low. Since 2012, all new cars in the UK must have TPMS fitted as standard, making roads safer for everyone.

There are two main types of systems: direct and indirect. Direct sensors physically measure pressure inside each tyre, while indirect systems use your car's ABS to detect pressure changes based on wheel speed differences.

SCHRADER 3023 Tyre pressure sensor (TPMS) with screw, with valves
Reviews - 30
Parts Details
  • Supplementary Article / Supplementary Info Info 2: with screw, with valves
  • Permissible maximum speed [km / h]: 210
  • Housing Colour: black
  • Frequency Range [MHz]: 433
  • Valve stem material: Rubber with copper mesh lining
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  • Code Letter: 3023
  • Tightening Torque [Nm] 0
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  • Vehicle Equipment: for vehicles with tyre-pressure monitoring system
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  • SCHRADER: Tyre pressure sensor (TPMS)
  • Item number: 3023
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  • Frequency Range [MHz]: 433
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  • BOSCH: Tyre pressure sensor (TPMS)
  • Item number: F 026 C00 468
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AirGuard HERTH+BUSS ELPARTS 70699434 Tyre pressure sensor (TPMS) with battery, with pressure sensor, with integrated air temperature sensor, with valves, with screw
Parts Details
  • Weight [g]: 36
  • Supplementary Article / Supplementary Info Info 2: with pressure sensor, with integrated air temperature sensor, with valves, with screw
  • Frequency Range [MHz]: 433, 434
  • Article number of the recommended special tool: 95990021
  • Number of bolts / screws: 1
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  • HERTH+BUSS ELPARTS: Tyre pressure sensor (TPMS)
  • Item number: 70699434
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HERTH+BUSS ELPARTS Tyre pressure sensor (TPMS) with battery, with pressure sensor, with integrated air temperature sensor, with valves, with screw
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RDV041 HUF 73902041 Valve, tyre pressure control system
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Parts Details
  • Weight [kg]: 0,013
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  • Vehicle Equipment: for vehicles with tyre-pressure monitoring system
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VDO A2C59517073 Valve, tyre pressure control system
Reviews - 3
Parts Details
  • Version: TG1C
  • Material: Aluminium
  • Colour: silver
  • Length [mm]: 43
  • for article number: S180084720Z, S180084770Z, S180052056Z, S180052028Z, S180052054Z, S180052076Z, S180052080Z, A2C9743250080, A2C9953790080
  • Follow installation instructions
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  • Item number: A2C59517073
  • Our price: £7.29
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How direct TPMS works

Direct systems use car tyre pressure sensors mounted inside each wheel, typically near the valve stem. These sensors contain:

  • Pressure transducers that measure air pressure
  • Temperature sensors for accurate readings
  • Small batteries lasting 5–10 years
  • Radio transmitters sending data to your car's computer

When pressure drops below safe levels, the system triggers a warning light on your dashboard. This gives you real-time, accurate information about each individual tyre.

How indirect TPMS works

Indirect systems are more budget-friendly but less precise. They monitor wheel speed through your ABS sensors, detecting when a tyre rotates faster due to reduced diameter from low pressure. While cost-effective, they can't provide specific pressure readings or detect gradual pressure loss as effectively.

Comparing TPMS types

The table below shows the key differences between direct and indirect systems to help you understand your car's setup.

Comparing TPMS types

Feature Direct TPMS Indirect TPMS
Accuracy Highly accurate, real-time readings Less precise, comparative readings
Individual tyre monitoring Yes No
Battery replacement Required every 5–10 years Not needed
Cost £200–400 per sensor Lower maintenance costs
Leak detection Excellent for gradual and rapid leaks Limited detection capability

Common TPMS problems and symptoms

When your TPMS develops faults, you'll notice several warning signs:

  • Dashboard warning light stays on or flashes intermittently
  • "Sensor not found" messages appearing on your display
  • Erratic pressure readings that don't match manual checks
  • System won't reset after tyre changes or pressure adjustments
  • False alerts when pressure is actually normal

What causes TPMS failures?

Understanding why sensors fail helps you prevent problems and budget for repairs:

  • Battery failure: The most common issue, affecting sensors after 5–10 years of use.
  • Physical damage: Potholes, kerb impacts, and road debris can damage sensors during installation or driving.
  • Corrosion: Moisture entering the sensor housing causes internal components to deteriorate.
  • Electrical interference: Strong radio signals or electronic devices can disrupt sensor communication.
  • Programming issues: Software problems preventing proper communication with your car's computer.

TPMS maintenance costs

This breakdown helps you plan for TPMS-related expenses throughout your car's life.

Service Typical cost range When needed
Single sensor replacement £50–200 Every 5–10 years
Full system replacement £200–800 Rarely, usually with battery failure
Professional calibration £20–50 After tyre changes
Diagnostic check £30–60 When warning lights appear

WONDER 1337 Valve, tyre pressure control system Fitted Ø: 9,7 mm
Parts Details
  • Tightening Torque [Nm]: 12÷15
  • Fitted Diameter [mm]: 9,7
  • WONDER: Valve, tyre pressure control system
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  • Our price: £4.99
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WONDER Valve, tyre pressure control system Fitted Ø: 9,7 mm
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QF 0467 BOSCH F 026 C00 467 Tyre pressure sensor (TPMS)
Reviews - 40
Parts Details
  • Frequency Range [MHz]: 433
  • Material: Steel
  • Colour: Titanium
  • can be programmed
  • BOSCH: Tyre pressure sensor (TPMS)
  • Item number: F 026 C00 467
  • Condition: New
Details
BOSCH Tyre pressure sensor (TPMS)
Article number: F 026 C00 467
£33.99
£135.96 / Price per 4 items
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WONDER 1420 Valve, tyre pressure control system Fitted Ø: 9,7 mm
Reviews - 1
Parts Details
  • Tightening Torque [Nm]: 12÷15
  • Fitted Diameter [mm]: 9,7
  • Length [mm]: 36
  • WONDER: Valve, tyre pressure control system
  • Item number: 1420
  • Our price: £4.99
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SCHRADER 3021 Tyre pressure sensor (TPMS) with screw, with valves
Reviews - 10
Parts Details
  • Supplementary Article / Supplementary Info Info 2: with screw, with valves
  • Permissible maximum speed [km / h]: 210
  • Housing Colour: black / white
  • Frequency Range [MHz]: 433
  • Valve stem material: Rubber with copper mesh lining
  • Test Mark: CE
  • Code Letter: 3021
  • Tightening Torque [Nm] 0
  • Mounting Type: Plugged
  • Vehicle Equipment: for vehicles with tyre-pressure monitoring system
  • Valve colour: black
  • SCHRADER: Tyre pressure sensor (TPMS)
  • Item number: 3021
  • Condition: New
Details
SCHRADER Tyre pressure sensor (TPMS) with screw, with valves
Article number: 3021
£27.99
Price per item
£111.96 / Price per 4 items
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RDE036V21 HUF 43475000 Tyre pressure sensor (TPMS)
Reviews - 3
Parts Details
  • Housing Colour: Orange
  • Frequency Range [MHz]: 433
  • Test Mark: CE, FCC, IC
  • Weight [kg]: 0,050
  • Mounting Type: Bolted
  • Vehicle Equipment: for vehicles with tyre-pressure monitoring system
  • HUF: Tyre pressure sensor (TPMS)
  • Item number: 43475000
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Details
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Article number: 43475000
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Some manufacturers like Ford tyre pressure sensor systems may require specific replacement parts, so always check compatibility before purchasing.

What to do when your TPMS light comes on

What to do when your TPMS light comes on

Don't panic if your TPMS warning light activates while driving. Follow these steps:

  1. Continue driving safely to the nearest safe location
  2. Check all four tyres with a pressure gauge
  3. Inflate tyres to manufacturer specifications if needed
  4. Reset the system using your car's menu (usually under Settings > Driver Assistance)
  5. Visit a garage if the light persists after proper inflation

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Resetting your TPMS

Most modern cars allow you to reset the system through the dashboard menu:

  1. Access your car's settings menu
  2. Navigate to "Driver Assistance" or "Vehicle Settings"
  3. Find "Tyre Pressure Monitoring"
  4. Press and hold the confirmation button to save current pressure readings

AUTODOC experts advise that if the light continues flashing after reset, book a diagnostic check with a qualified technician.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I drive with the TPMS light on?
Yes, but check your tyre pressure immediately. While not an emergency, continuing to drive on underinflated tyres risks blowouts and accidents.
How long do TPMS batteries last?
Direct sensor batteries typically last 5–10 years or approximately 100,000 miles, depending on driving conditions and climate.
Can I replace TPMS sensors myself?
While possible, professional installation is recommended. Sensors require programming to your specific vehicle, and improper installation can damage the system.
Do I need TPMS sensors on my spare tyre?
Most manufacturers don't require TPMS on temporary spare tyres, but check your owner's manual for specific requirements.
Why does my TPMS activate in cold weather?
Tyre pressure drops approximately 1 PSI for every 10°C temperature decrease. This is normal and requires pressure adjustment, not sensor replacement.

Keeping your TPMS healthy

Regular maintenance keeps your system working properly:

  • Check tyre pressure monthly using a reliable gauge
  • Inspect sensors during tyre changes for damage or corrosion
  • Avoid harsh impacts with kerbs and potholes
  • Replace sensors proactively when batteries reach 7–8 years old

Recommended Article
Tyre wear: indicators, chart, and patterns for excessive or uneven wear
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When fitting new tyres, ensure you're getting great car tyre offers that include proper TPMS sensor handling and calibration.

Conclusion

Your TPMS is a vital safety system that requires occasional attention but provides invaluable protection. Understanding how it works, recognising problems early, and maintaining it properly will keep you safe on the road while avoiding costly repairs. Remember that while TPMS helps monitor pressure, it's no substitute for regular manual checks and proper tyre maintenance.

Top products related to this topic:

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KS TOOLS 149.1003 Valve, tyre pressure control system
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SCHRADER 3033 Tyre pressure sensor (TPMS) with groove, with valves
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Parts Details
  • Supplementary Article / Supplementary Info Info 2: with groove, with valves
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VDO A2C59517072 Valve, tyre pressure control system
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  • Version: TG1C
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  • Length [mm]: 47
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SCHRADER 5028 Repair Kit, wheel sensor (tyre pressure control system)
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SCHRADER 3153 Tyre pressure sensor (TPMS) with groove, with valves
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  • Supplementary Article / Supplementary Info Info 2: with groove, with valves
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